A Monsoon of the Indian Subcontinent is among several geographically distributed observations of global monsoon taking place in the Indian Subcontinent. In the Subcontinent, it is one of oldest weather observations, an economically important weather pattern over June through September every year, and the most anticipated weather event and unique weather phenomenon. Yet it is only partially understood and notoriously difficult to predict. Several theories have been proposed explaining the origin, the process, the strength, the variability, the distribution and the general vagaries of the monsoon of the Indian Subcontinent, but understanding of the phenomenon and its predictability are still evolving.
The unique geographical features of the subcontinent, along with associated atmospheric, oceanic and geophysical components, are influential in ensuring the anticipated behavior for a monsoon in the Indian Subcontinent. Due to its effect on agriculture, flora and fauna and the general weather of India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, etc., among other economic, social and environmental effects, a monsoon is one of the most anticipated, followed and studied weather phenomena of the Indian subcontinent. It has significant impact on the overall well-being of subcontinent residents and has even been dubbed the "real finance minister of India"